| # | University | City | World rank | In-country | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 51 | Universidad de Cantabria | not ranked | #21 | 4,747,212 | |
| 52 | Universitat Pompeu Fabra | not ranked | #22 | 4,566,527 | |
| 53 | Universidad de Oviedo | not ranked | #23 | 4,187,016 | |
| 54 | Universidade de Vigo | not ranked | #26 | 2,757,882 | |
| 55 | Universidad de Córdoba | not ranked | #28 | 2,626,403 | |
| 56 | Universidad de Málaga | not ranked | #29 | 2,493,382 | |
| 57 | Universitat de les Illes Balears | not ranked | #30 | 2,257,359 | |
| 58 | Universidad de Castilla La Mancha | not ranked | #31 | 2,248,009 | |
| 59 | Universidad de Alicante | not ranked | #32 | 2,206,613 | |
| 60 | Universidad de Gerona | not ranked | #36 | 1,626,320 | |
| 61 | University of Girona | not ranked | #37 | 1,626,320 | |
| 62 | Universidade da Coruña | not ranked | #38 | 1,494,830 | |
| 63 | Universitat de Lleida | not ranked | #41 | 1,352,189 | |
| 64 | Universidad de Cádiz | not ranked | #42 | 1,276,427 | |
| 65 | Universidad de Almería | not ranked | #43 | 1,260,982 | |
| 66 | Universidad de Jaén | not ranked | #45 | 1,107,594 | |
| 67 | Universidad de León | not ranked | #46 | 1,024,125 | |
| 68 | Universidad Pública de Navarra | not ranked | #47 | 1,021,095 | |
| 69 | Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia | not ranked | #48 | 799,058 | |
| 70 | Universidad de Huelva | not ranked | #50 | 667,076 | |
| 71 | Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena | not ranked | #51 | 572,876 | |
| 72 | Universitat Ramon Llull | not ranked | #52 | 510,281 | |
| 73 | Universidad de Burgos | not ranked | #54 | 481,839 | |
| 74 | Universitat de Vic | not ranked | #60 | 253,134 | |
| 75 | Universidad Pontificia Comillas | not ranked | #62 | 196,841 | |
| 76 | Universidad Loyola Andalucía | not ranked | #67 | 77,448 | |
| 77 | Universidad Antonio de Nebrija | not ranked | #68 | 68,420 | |
| 78 | Universidad Internacional Menéndez Pelayo | not ranked | #73 | 36,278 | |
| 79 | Universidad Internacional de Andalucía | not ranked | #79 | 2,241 |
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What the two columns mean
In-country is the position the ranking record gives the university among those in its own country, and it is often the more useful number: a university ranked 480th in the world may still be third at home. It is carried over as published, so it does not always follow the order of the other two columns. World rank is the university's QS World University Rankings position. Citations are the number of times work published by the university has been cited, as recorded in OpenAlex; it is the measure used to order universities that QS does not rank at all.
The two do not always agree. A large research university can out-cite a smaller one that sits above it in QS, because QS weighs reputation surveys and staff ratios as well as research.